OpenAI
Anthropic
Caltech
UC Berkeley
Tianle (Tim) LiResearcher
Thinking Machines Lab
Member of Technical Staff; Lead, Auto Research
via Thinking Machines Lab
Researcher · Founder
John Schulman
Co-founder and chief scientist at Thinking Machines Lab
Schulman developed PPO, a method that helps AI learn through trial and feedback without changing so abruptly that training collapses. It became widely used in robotics and in teaching language models from human preferences. As an OpenAI co-founder, he also led the creation of ChatGPT.
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Background
Current role
Co-founder and chief scientistThinking Machines Lab
Thinking Machines LabEducation
About this data
Work and education history is primarily focused on AI-relevant roles and may not be comprehensive.
Last editorial review: August 7, 2026Citation Trend
10 snapshots204,903citations as of Sep 1, '26+4,446 since Aug 1, '26
For today’s citation count and citations per paper, visit Google Scholar.
